Trap Structure of Utricularia Australis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Trap Structure of genus Utricularia Australis - Essay ExampleAlkhalaf Et.al (2008) further points out that most the Utricularia australis normally colonizes open habitats with scarce macronutrients and in turn compensate this deficiency through attracting, trapping and subsequently digesting small animals from which they derive nitrogenous nutrients. The bladderworts (Utricularia sp) are characterized by possession of some rather tremendously complex structures used for trapping known as suction bladders (Alkhalaf, Hubener, & Porembski, 2009). These highly specialized suction bladders are also responsible for digestion as well as absorption of captured pig. Utricularia tend to grow in marshy habitat, in streaming water or stationary water extending their roots up to several meters below water surface (Davis, 2003). Just as the species name suggest, they are mainly found in some parts of Western Australia, South wales as well as Victoria and Tasmania. The structure of the Trap The s uction traps are discoid in roll and hollow with a foliar origin. Their hollow cavity with an average length of about 2.5mm, referred to as the bladder, is filled with water. The bladder is made of a wall thickness of two cells (Adamec, Functional characteristics of traps of aquatic carnivorous Utricularia species, 2011). In the two differing layers of cells, cells in the inner layer are elongated and arranged in a radial-ply tire manner around the hinge region centrally located. These cells appear to be in concentric government note lines that reveals a constriction of the cells within this region. Thus these constrictions have been deemed to act as pre-folds to increase flexibility in opening and closing the trap door. The bladder also has a glandular layer with a course of glands as well as trichomes which are also located on the outer surface of the bladder. From the chapiter of the bladder, there is a beak-like extension that forms a canopy over the entrance curving downwa rds ahead such that the base of the beak-like canopy is opposite the base of the trap. The entrance of the bladder is tubular with a really much in-slopping-like door. Similarly, on the external side of the trap door there are trigger hairs, which when moved(p) by a prey organism, they stimulate the opening of the trap door thereby making the prey to suctioned into the trap before the door closes again to create a water tight seal (Adamec, photosynthetic CO2 af?nity of the aquatic carnivorous plant Utricularia australis (Lentibulariaceae) and its investment in carnivory, 2009). In Utrucularia austali, the traps are regarded to be of great structural and energetic benefit. They normally alter the percentage of the trap biomass depending on their certain habitat factors such availability of prey (Adamec, Sirova, Vrba, & Rejmankova, 2010). As a matter of fact, nearly 55% of the plants total biomass is formed by the traps. Both the internal and external glands serve to secrete mucila ge that attracts organisms into the traps. This is the fiber especially when capturing the free floating phytoplankton that cannot move by themselves. It has been documented that in some instances, the traps establishes a reciprocal existence with some of the captured preys especially phytoplankton, where the traps serve as safe habitats to the phytoplankton whereas the latter provides the plant with nitrogenous products released by these organisms (Alkhalaf, Hubener, & Porembski, 2009). Development of trap In terms of the developmental stage of the trap, Adamec (2009) points out that traps begin to form as early as possible since they form a very basic organ. This is the case because their chlorophyll